Process for the production of alloys of tin and titanium.



UNITED sraras PATENT carton.

AUGUSTE J. ROSSI, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE TITANIUM ALLOY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALLQYS 0F TIN AND TITANIUM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 20, 1910.

No Drawing. Original application filed March 22, 1907, Serial No. 363,959. Divided and this application Serial No. 493,858.

filed May 4. 1909.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

in it known that l. Atrots'ru J. llussl, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Xiagara Falls, in the county of Niagaraand State of New York, have invented certain her: and useful Improvements in Processes for the Production of Alloys of Tin and 'litanium, of which the following is a speci lication.

My present invention relates, in part, to improvements in, and processes for producing. alloys, including those of copper with other metals. such as tin, Zinc, or lead, one or more. and designated, as the case may be, lll'ElStS or hrt'uizss. and my present application for patent a division of my pending application, Serial No. 363,959, filed March 22nd 1907.

The copper of commerce contains impurities. and it has been found thatadmixtures, or alloys therewith of certain metals, or elements. such as titanium, produce on such copper, for casting or otheigpurposes, certam beneficial results, for instance reduction, diminution, even elimination of undesired compounds or gases present in its IllOlIQll state, and which cause defects such as pin-holes tending to render such castings unsound and useless. While commercial copper itself, as say in the form of castings, has been thus purified and improved,

the introduction thereinto, in its remolten state, of tin or other metal to produce brass-es or bronzcs has hitherto produced in the resulting bath a recurrence of conditions unfavorable to the copper and consequent unsoundness, if not uselessncss, of the resulting hrasses or bronzes. Thus for instance, into the alloy, in molten state, compounds have been imported and resulting gases developed and occluded, which owing to their maleficent effect. especially upon the copper content, have injuriously affected the alloy produced, even in cases in which the copper itself had been, as above stated, previously purified.

My tests have demonstrated that by introducing into the. bath of molten copper employed in production of the brass and bronze alloys referred to, tin itself, previously improved by alloying with titanium, a satisfactory condition of the resulting alloy is promoted, and even in higher degree than in l l l cases in which such titanium has been sepa- V ratelv brought into the resence of the co P per previously to its reduction to molten state for the purpose of producing the bronzes referred to.

In addition to its utility for the specific purpose aforesaid, 2'. e. in making alloys of copper with tin and other metals, the alloy of tin and titanium is also useful when comelted in small quantities with tin to purify and improve latter, and also in other em ployments in the arts.

As titanium exists rarely, if ever, isolated in metallic state, but only as alloyed with other metal, principally iron, or sometimes copper, and none of these alloys serve my purpose. it is preferable to derive the required titanium from its oxid.

My present invention is practiced as follows: I charge into a graphite crucible, or other container properly adapted, tin, titanic acid, and preferably an oxid of tin, also such an amount of aluminium (preferably in shots or the like so as to melt more rapidly) as is chemically sulficient to decompose the oxid of titanium and also the oxid of tin and reduce their respective titanium and tin contents to their metallic states. This mixture is then heated, as by a colic fire, in a wind furnace, or otherwise, to a temperature sufiiciently high to insure the melting of the metallic elements of the charge. and the taking place of the reactions above noted. The molten product, on being withdrawn and cooled will be found to be an alloy of tin and titanium, the percentage of the latter being proportional to the amount of titanic acid and aluminium charged, the reactions being as per the following formula, viz:

I have obtained an alloy oftin with titanium co Laining seven to eight per eentum of titanium and more. i

In operating this orocess any of the now well known forms oi addition tor the stannic acid, while still advisable, not as importantas with other furnaces, since extra heat, if required, may be derived from the current.

The proportions of the ingredients used in the change will be varied according to the percentage of the respective metals desired in the allmy according to the formulas above given amii as experience and test in each case will readily demonstrate to those skilled in the metallurgical art, it being understood that for some purposes alloyslower in titanium than those mentioned may be desirable, amd vice versa. I have also found itadvanaiageous, though not essential, to add, in 5 :me cases, to the charge, as per Letters 3 tent No. 877,518 granted to me January 5:5, 1908, some fusible slag, such as broken glass, or a mixture of the latter with an ordinary iron blast furnace slag, comprising siiica, alumina, lime and magnesia,or a silicate of alumina and lime, in such proper proportions as can readily be determined in each case as to insure such slags floating so called electric furnaces may be employed, in which case the on the top of the charge, thus constituting, as it were, a blanket for the latter, and thus protecting the other aforesaid ingredients of the charge from oxidation at the surface by contact with the atmosphere.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentis the following, viz

l. The process of producing an alloy of tin with titanium which comprises bringing titanic acid into the presence of tin and aluminium While molten together, subjecting the mass to a temperature sufiicient to insure reduction of said titanic acid by said aluminium, and withdrawing and cooling the resulting metallic product.

2. The process of producing an alloy of tin with titanium which comprises bringing titanic acid and oxid of tin into the presence of tin and aluminium while molten together, subjecting the mass to a temperature sutlicient to insure reduction of said titanic acid and said oxid of tin by said aluminium, and withdrawing and cooling the resulting metallic product.

AUGUSTE J. ROSSI.

"tnesses:

VAL'IFR D. Emronos, Grouse G. Measures, PHILIP C. PEoK. 

